The metal with a symbol that starts with CAC indicates that it is a copper casting and a copper alloy. Similar to copper products, copper castings are divided into pure copper, brass, bronze, aluminum bronze, etc., which have common physical properties, but each has very specific properties, so they must be used properly accordingly. With the purpose.
Copper alloy is a kind of metal with excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, low temperature resistance and other properties, but in addition to these properties, such as copper castings, copper castings also have properties that other castings do not have. It is widely used in some industrial fields. Here we talk about everything you need to know about copper smelting.
Main Applications and Properties of Copper Alloy Foundries
One of the characteristics of copper alloy castings is that resistance to pressure is an important parameter, since it is widely used in valves, faucets and other parts through which water, oil and other liquids flow. Equipment and components that bear hydraulic pressure, air pressure, water pressure, hot water pressure, etc., must bear pressure in addition to corrosion resistance and wear resistance. In addition, due to the revision of water quality standards commonly used in water-related materials, the amount of lead leached is also considered as one of the parameters due to recent environmental pollution and impact on the human body.
It is typically used to predict conductivity and thermal conductivity and has parameters that metals other than silver cannot reach.
It has good resistance to corrosion, but it is worth mentioning that it is resistant to seawater. Aluminum bronze is particularly strong. Bronze is stronger than brass in warm water. When wear resistance is required, bronze is usually used.
While the properties of molten copper vary from type to type, the main focus of copper itself is high conductivity and the conductivity described above. In addition, most metals have the problem of low temperature embrittlement, which becomes brittle and deteriorates at low temperature. Copper is not known to be prone to this problem. Or, in terms of corrosion resistance, it has excellent resistance to seawater, so it is also used in applications exposed to these environments. It is well known that even copper smelters with the same properties (such as melting, pouring, and solidifying) differ from system to system.
Examples of properties of copper alloy castings
As already mentioned, the composition types of molten copper (different systems) are very different, but typical characteristics are listed, such as: B. Leaded bronze with the highest yield. It has the following properties (although lead-free products have become increasingly popular in recent years).
- Corrosion resistance
-Abrasion resistance
-Good machinability
- It is easy to produce castings with complex shapes
-More suitable for low pressure valves, medium pressure valves and hot water taps
This brand is sensitive to wall thickness and its strength decreases as wall thickness increases, so it is not suitable for building materials and high-pressure environments, but there are also types with excellent mechanical strength.
Also, lead is said to have been added to improve pressure resistance, machinability, and lubricity, but there is a movement to regulate lead content in other countries, such as the RoHS directive, including in Japan. To reduce the use of lead, copper smelters with limited lead content are also being developed.
Cast iron and copper foundry manufacturing process.
Manufacturing processes for copper foundries include sand casting, permanent mold casting, continuous casting, centrifugal casting, pressure casting, and high pressure casting, with sand casting being the most common. Die casting is also used, but not as often as cast aluminum because its melting point is too high and molding is too painful.
The metal used as raw material is called gold. It can be new or renewable. Cast bronze and cast brass use a lot of recycled metal, so they are easy to mix with impurities, but have economic advantages.
The cooling rate of molten copper is faster than that of aluminum, resulting in poor hot water flow (molten copper cannot fully flow into the mold). However, in copper foundries, aluminum bronze, and brass fall into the category of good hot water fluidity. When raw metal is turned into molten metal, the less rust, the better the mold.
In the case of copper casting, the casting process must be determined according to the material. For materials intended for centrifugal casting, there are two types: centrifugal pressure casting and centrifugal sand casting. According to the JIS standard, the centrifugal casting of CAC502B, CAC503B and CAC903B is called the use of molds.
Casting of copper alloys and types of casting
Below we list the available conversion types and their properties by "system". The four systems Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn, Cu-Al, and Cu-Pb are the basis of copper alloys, and alloying elements are added to further differentiate the system. As for the elements contained as impurities, the effect of each element on each system varies, so it is necessary to check each system.
Pure copper based copper castings, castings
The higher the purity of the copper, the stronger the trend. For catenary connections, parts of electrical equipment in general, electrode holders, etc. CAC101, CAC102, CAC103 and other CAC100 series materials comply with this.
Brass-based copper foundries, foundries
It is an alloy of zinc and copper. It is one of the main production materials of Jiaxing Gurun. It is used for various purposes, such as B. metal fittings in brass products, but it has not been accidentally used in foundries. In addition to the advantages of good casting and easy plastic processing, it also has excellent corrosion and wear resistance. The price is low and it is comparable to bronze in terms of electrical conductivity and heat conduction. However, in Japan, the use of water-related parts and valves is small, and the demand is high. Therefore, its use is very low compared to bronze foundries (it is said that the water quality in Europe and America varies with the quality of the water). CAC201, CAC202, CAC203 and other CAC200 series correspond to this.
High strength brass based copper castings, castings
Made of brass-based material, this type is one of Jiaxing Gurun's main production materials. Additives are added to this product to further improve corrosion and wear resistance. Propulsion devices and components for ships and boats. CAC301, CAC302, CAC303, CAC304 and other CAC300 series materials are the same.
Copper cast in bronze mold, Foundries
It is an excellent type in casting, resistance to compression and resistance to corrosion. It is also the main benefit material of Jiaxing Gurun. Have the properties of a clean casting surface. In terms of performance, however, it is weaker than brass-based products in terms of conductivity and thermal conductivity, and inferior to aluminum bronze and high-strength brass-based castings in terms of tensile strength and sub- -mechanical resistance. CAC401, CAC402, CAC403, CAC406, CAC407, CAC408, CAC411 and other materials from the CAC400 series correspond to this.
Phosphor Bronze and Copper Foundries, Foundries
It is a type of phosphorus added to a Cu-Sn base composition to improve strength, hardness, and wear resistance. Compared with bronze molds, it has a particularly good hardness. Due to the good fluidity of the molten metal, it also has good wear resistance and excellent casting performance. CAC502A, CAC502B, CAC503A, CAC503B and other CAC500 series materials correspond to this.
Lead, bronze and copper foundries, Foundries
The base is made of pewter bronze with a large amount of lead added. It is also used for embroidery parts due to its excellent impact resistance, load resistance, friction and wear resistance. It is especially famous for its excellent journal bearing, which is not easy to bite when friction occurs, and has excellent tolerance. It has requirements for corrosion resistance and low coefficient of friction of lubricating oil. Friction and coefficient of thermal expansion are also qualifying materials. CAC602, CAC603, CAC604, CAC605 and other CAC600 series materials correspond to this.
Foundries Copper and Aluminum Bronze, Foundries
It is the type with the best mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. On the other hand, it is difficult to produce complex shapes such as casting, although it is difficult. The system is used for large propulsion devices such as ships and large components such as seawater desalination plants. This corresponds to the four types of the CAC700 series, CAC701, CAC702, CAC703 and CAC704.
Cast Copper Silcine Bronze, Cast
This type was developed to replace tin bronze, but has excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance. Also, molten metal has good fluidity, so cast iron can be used. This also applies to welding and soldering. To this correspond the CAC800 series as CAC801, CAC802, CAC803 and CAC804.
Bronze Bismuth Base, Bronze Bismuth Base Selenium Copper Foundries, Foundries
Due to the effects of lead on the human body and the environment, people have researched and developed how lead can be used in bronze smelters, which are most commonly used in water supply systems. With the implementation of the new water quality standards, Japan will also restrict the use of lead in parts that come into contact with water, and new smelters using "bismuth" and "selenium" as alternative elements to replace lead have became the CAC900. series, i.e. CAC901, born, CAC902, CAC903B, CAC904, CAC911 and CAC912 correspond to this.
FAQs
What is Japanese alloy? ›
Japanese Alloy Basics. Alloys are melted mixtures of elemental metals such as copper, gold, silver, lead and tin. Japanese alloys are often binary(two metals), or tertiary(three), but can contain five or more metals. Metals are also used in their unalloyed, pure form, most often copper, silver and gold.
What is C95500? ›C95500 is a nickel containing aluminium bronze. This enhances the properties of C95500 making it one of the toughest non-ferrous alloys known. It is used where higher mechanical properties at elevated temperatures together with corrosion-resistant properties are demanded.
What is C95800? ›Aluminum bronze, such as C95800, is the highest strength standard copper based alloy. Concast produces C95400, C95500, AMS 4880-C95510, and C95900 aluminum bronze alloys as standard-stocked products in standard sizes of rounds, tubes, and rectangles.
What are the two most common copper alloys? ›The most well-known copper alloy families are brass (copper-zinc), bronze (copper-tin) and copper-nickel. These actually represent families of alloys, all made by varying the amount of specific alloying elements.
Is alloy or composite better? ›The biggest benefit that composite provides over an alloy barrel bat is the barrel length. Because composite is a lighter material the barrel can be stretched longer than an alloy barrel bat without making the swing weight heavier. The result of this longer barrel provides composite bats with a bigger sweet spot.
Is alloy metal valuable? ›If you have a quantity of metal that is an alloy that contains precious metal, it's valuable. That's the good news. The confusing part is, how much of that precious metal do your alloys really contain? Gold, platinum, palladium and silver are all frequently found as alloys with a variety of other metals.
What is C95400? ›C95400 Aluminum Bronze, also known by C954, is the most popular, all purpose aluminum bronze alloy. It provides high yield and tensile strength, good ductility, weldability and exceptional resistance to wear, fatigue and deformation under shock or overload.
What is ASTM B148? ›ASTM B148 : Standard Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand Castings.
What is ASTM B505? ›Your ASTM B505 C95400 Aluminum Bronze Bar is available in rectangles, rounds, tubes and other shapes. C95400 Bronze is also commonly referred to as CDA95400 Bronze. The Unified Numbering System (UNS) is the accepted alloy designation system in North America which uses the C95400 Bronze.
What is C83600? ›C83600 Leaded Red Brass, also known as 85 metal, is the most common red brass containing 85% copper and 5% each of tin, lead and zinc. Typical uses for red brass involve electrical hardware, fixtures, pumps and more.
What is PB1 metal? ›
PB1 is a cast material containing 10-11.5% tin and small amounts of phosphorus. Phosphor Bronze PB1 has high mechanical strength and has good conductivity and wear resistance . Also, with excellent corrosion and fatigue resistance. Phosphor Bronze PB1 can be soldered and brazed.
What is AB2 metal? ›Fraser Alloy AB2 is a nickel aluminium bronze (NAB) conforming to the requirements of B.S. 1400 - 1985 alloy AB2. AB2 is widely used for marine applications having superior corrosion resistance to marine conditions, high strength, good wearing and erosion resistance.
What are the 4 types of copper? ›| Type | Fitting Methods |
|---|---|
| Type K | •Soldered •Compression •Push-fit •Press-connect •Flare (flexible pipe) |
| Type L | •Soldered •Compression •Push-fit •Press-connect •Flare (flexible pipe) |
| Type M | •Soldered •Compression •Push-fit •Press-connect |
| DWV | Soldered, Slip-joint |
- Stainless Steel Alloys. Stainless steel is an alloy comprised of iron and carbon. ...
- Aluminum Alloys. ...
- Bronze Alloys. ...
- Nickel Alloys.
What is #2 copper? Unlike #1 copper, #2 copper's appearance is dirty and consists of miscellaneous unalloyed wire, pipe or solid metal that continues to have solder, paint or any kind of coating on it. Number 2 copper can be found in old televisions and household appliances.
What is the strongest composite material? ›Using the same ALUULA process, the ALUULA Durlyte™ series is by far the most durable composite material available in its weight class.
What alloy is stronger than steel? ›Alloys with tungsten carbides, titanium or tantalum at the core possess hardness that not even Thor's hammer could match. Titanium is a natural metal that is frequently referred to by media and filmmakers as an extra-hard material. Its strength-weight ratio is almost double that of steel alloys.
Which is better alloy or copper? ›While comparing copper's heat transparent coefficient to that of alloy, copper has a higher value. As a result, there is no doubt that it performs better in terms of heat transmission.
What metal is worth a lot of money? ›Rhodium is the most valuable metal and exists within the platinum group of metals. It is used in jewelry for a final finish on white gold jewelry. It occurs in the very same ore in which gold and silver exist – only, in smaller quantities.
What metal is worth money? ›Copper is among the most valuable metals for most scrappers. Pound for pound, it is worth more than most other common metals and is the king of non-ferrous metals. Not all copper products are worth the same, though, and the price of copper can change dramatically over time compared to other metals.
What is C93200 bronze? ›
C93200 (SAE660) Bearing Bronze / C932 Bearing Bronze
It is used as bearings, bushings, light duty gears and sprockets, impellers, wear strips, plates, automotive fittings and washers. It is used extensively in pumps, cylinders, machine tools, earth moving machinery and a myriad of general purpose applications.
AMPCO® 18 is a versatile, high-performance alloy. Its compact grain structure and high physical properties result from phase distribution and hot working during the extrusion phase, making it a superior bearing material that's defined by good fatigue resistance.
What is 954 bronze? ›954 is an all purpose aluminum bronze alloy that offers exceptional performance in bearings, bushings, and other applications where abrasion resistance and high strength are required. Characteristics of 954 Bronze include high tensile strength, yield strength, and good ductility.
What are the 5 types of standards recognized by ASTM? ›- ASTM Standards for Test Methods. ...
- ASTM Specification Standards. ...
- ASTM Guide Standards. ...
- ASTM Practice Standards. ...
- ASTM Classification Standards. ...
- ASTM Terminology Standards.
ASTM A108 steel is a medium carbon and alloy steel that has up to 39 grades that are defined by their chemical composition. This steel is typically cold finished, but it can also be cold drawn, cold rolled, ground, heat treated, hot wrought, polished, and turned.
What material is ASTM B584? ›The ASTM B584 does not specify any specific alloy, rather it specifies a group of copper alloys along with a specific method of casting these products. The ASTM B584 specification is for a number of different copper alloys manufactured by the sand or static casting process.
What is ASTM D2000 BC? ›ASTM D2000 is an industry specification that provides buyers and suppliers with a standard way to describe rubber. Published by ASTM International and designed for automotive applications, this classification system is used by many other industries because it's clear, concise, and highly descriptive.
What is ASTM d4000? ›ASTM D 4000 Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials defines a broad system to help classify generic polymer families and the corresponding specifications. ASTM D 4000 is available for purchase from ASTM International. The process of decoding a callout requires a copy of ASTM D 4000.
What is ASTM A 352? ›The ASTM A352 specification covers multiple grades of low-temperature carbon steel (called LCA, LCB, LCC, LC1, LC2, LC3, LC4, LC9, CA6NM) for cast steel valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts.
What is C86300? ›Manganese bronze – copper casting alloy UNS C86300 is an alloy that primarily consists of copper, zinc and aluminium.. The manganese present in UNS C86300 gives a chocolate brown color to the alloy. Copper casting alloy UNS C86300 is used in architecture for its longevity.
What is CC491K? ›
CC491K / LG2 is the most commonly used leaded gunmetal offering excellent machining properties and a very good wear resistance. It is a medium strength alloy with good pressure tightness, is resistant to dezincification and offers a reasonable corrosion resistance in sea water and brine.
What is LG2 bronze? ›Known as a leaded gunmetal bronze, LG2 (CC491K) promotes a variety of attractive performance characteristics. The alloy has outstanding machining properties while offering superior corrosion and wear resistance.
What is the difference between PB1 and PB2? ›Phosphor bronze PB2 (BS 1400 1985 PB2) is a phosphor bronze with a higher tin content than PB1, which means it has excellent resistance to wear. As a result of these properties, PB2 is an ideal material for the manufacture of components such as gears and heavy sliding or reciprocating loads.
What is phosphor bronze made of? ›Overview. Phosphor Bronzes, or tin bronzes, are alloys containing copper, tin and phosphorous. The phosphor bronzes contain between 0.5 and 11% tin and 0.01 to 0.35 % phosphorous. The addition of tin increases the corrosion resistance and strength of the alloy.
What is Kindergarten metal? ›Metals are minerals like iron or lead that are found underground in rocks. These are separated from the rocks using heat. Metals are very useful materials. Metals have many properties, such as strength, toughness, and stiffness.
What is alloy b2? ›Alloy B-2 is a nickel-molybdenum alloy with significant resistance to reducing environments, such as hydrogen chloride gas and sulphuric, acetic and phosphoric acids. Hastelloy® B-2 provides resistance to pure sulphuric acid and a number of non-oxidizing acids.
What is bronze B? ›B20 bronze (80 percent copper, 20 percent tin)—also known as bell bronze—and B8 bronze (92 percent copper, 8 percent tin) are the most prevalent, but companies such as Zildjian, Meinl, and Paiste experiment with different tin-to-copper ratios.
What material is PH13 8Mo? ›PH13-8Mo Stainless Steel. – Is a low carbon (<0.03) precipitation hardenable, martensitic stainless steel. Applications include forged airframe parts, fasteners, undercarriage, petrochemical, and safety and security components. PH 13-8 Mo stainless is a registered trademark of Armco Inc.
Is alloy a good jewelry material? ›Jewelers add different metals to strengthen the material and improve durability during wear. The resulting mix of two or more metal elements is called an alloy. For instance, pure silver bends and scratches quite easily. A metal alloy for jewelry, like sterling silver, is a better solution for most applications.
Is alloy real gold? ›When you buy gold jewelry, it isn't pure gold. Your gold is really an alloy, or mixture of metals. The purity or fineness of gold in the jewelry is indicated by its karat number—24 karat (24K or 24 kt) gold is as pure as gold gets for jewelry.
Does alloy jewelry tarnish? ›
Gold alloys, vermeil, and gold plated jewelry, however, can potentially begin to tarnish during normal use. Depending on the other metals used to strengthen or color your gold jewelry - like copper, zinc, silver, and nickel - you may find discoloration on the item itself or on your skin over time.
Is alloy steel good quality? ›Alloy steel is a good corrosion-resistant material as compared to carbon steel. The alloying elements in alloy steel make it more resistant to corrosion and it also improves its machinability.
What metals should I avoid in jewelry? ›- Nickel. It's a commonly used metal in fashion jewelry because it's inexpensive. ...
- Stainless Steel. I'm personally not a fan of stainless steel for a couple reasons. ...
- Chromium. ...
- Zinc. ...
- Copper. ...
- Sterling Silver. ...
- Gold. ...
- Platinum (and it's cousin Rhodium)
Costume jewelry, also called fashion jewelry is inexpensive jewelry that is made of low-quality materials. Costume jewelry is often made with base metals, such as brass, aluminum, or copper. These inexpensive metals become tarnished easily and can even cause irritation or allergic reactions.
Does alloy jewelry cause allergy? ›Nickel, copper and cobalt are commonly used in alloys of gold or silver. If you react to a pair of gold alloy earrings, you may mistakenly assume you're allergic to the gold. However, allergies to silver or gold are extremely rare. This is why your dermatologist may recommend wearing pure metals.
How much copper is mixed with gold? ›| Caratage | Copper (Cu) | |
|---|---|---|
| Yellow Gold | 10k | 6.30% |
| Yellow Gold | 14k | 11.70% |
| Yellow Gold | 18k | 10% |
| Yellow Gold | 22k | 2% |
Tumbaga is an alloy composed mostly of gold and copper. It has a significantly lower melting point than gold or copper alone. It is harder than copper, but maintains malleability after being pounded.
What alloy is used in 14K gold? ›14K gold is a mix of approximately 58% pure gold with 42% other metals such as nickel, copper, silver, and zinc.
Can you shower with alloy necklace? ›Stainless Steel Jewelry
This alloy is usually composed of a combination of iron, carbon, and chromium. It's resistant to corrosion and rust, so it can be worn in the shower without any fear of tarnishing or reacting.
Copper alloy is one of the most versatile materials available, which makes it a perfect choice for making jewelry. Why This Copper Alloy is Different and Special? Some pure metals, such as gold and silver, are too soft in their pure elemental state.
Does alloy jewelry rust in water? ›
Zinc alloy is rust-proof and corrosion-resistant
Most metals will often react to air or water in the environment. Well, once the zinc alloy forms the zinc carbonate layer, there will be no more reactions. Corrosion is therefore unheard of with zinc metals.
An alloy of chromium, cobalt and nickel (CrCoNi) is the toughest material ever tested, and its characteristics could make it useful in the construction of aircraft or spacecraft.
Does alloy get rust? ›No, technically alloy wheels do not rust. However, they do corrode, which is similar but slightly different from rusting. Whereas rust creates a brownish-orange color, corrosion causes whitish patches on the alloy wheel.